Cutting angles
Cutting angles recommended by Forest Products Laboratory for hardwoods. May 9, 2001
Cutting Angles Recommended by Forest Products Laboratory for Hardwoods
| SPECIES | CUTTING ANGLE (°) | | Ash | 15 to 25 | | Basswood | 20 to 30 | | Birch | 15 to 20 | | Chestnut | 15 to 20 | | Cottonwood | 5 to 10 | | Elm soft | 15 to 20 | | Black gum | 10 to 20 | | Hackberry | 15 to 20 | | Magnolia | 5 to 15 | | Mahogany | 10 to 25 | | Hard maple | 15 to 25 | | Soft maple | 5 to 15 | | Red oak | 10 to 20 | | White oak | 10 to 20 | | Pecan | 20 to 25 | | Sweet gum | 10 to 15 | | Sycamore | 10 to 15 | | Black walnut | 15 to 20 | | Willow | 15 to 20 | | Yellow poplar | 10 to 20 |
Cutting Angles
| KILN DRIED
7" MOISTURE OR LESS | WET OR GREEN
MORE THAN 7" | | CA | B | CA | B | | Ash | 15 | 35 | 10 | 35 | | Basswood | 10 | 30 | 20 | 30 | | Beech | 10 | 35 | 15 | 35 | | Birch | 10 | 35 | 15 | 35 | | Cedar | 5 | 30 | 10 | 30 | | Cherry | 10 | 35 | 15 | 35 | | Chestnut | 5 | 35 | 10 | 35 | | Cottonwood | 5 | 30 | 10 | 30 | | Cypress | 5 | 30 | 10 | 30 | | Elm Hard | 0 | 40 | 5 | 40 | | Fir | 10 | 35 | 15 | 35 | | Gum | 20 | 35 | 25 | 35 | | Hemlock | 15 | 35 | 20 | 35 | | Hickory | 5 | 40 | 10 | 40 | | Mahogany | 10 | 35 | 15 | 35 | | Maple | 5 | 40 | 10 | 40 | | Oak | 10 | 40 | 15 | 40 | | Oak Qtd. | 10 | 40 | 15 | 40 | | Pine Yel. | 20 | 35 | 25 | 35 | | Pine White | 25 | 30 | 30 | 30 | | Pine Ponderosa | 25 | 30 | 30 | 30 | | Poplar | 30 | 30 | 35 | 30 | | Redwood | 5 | 30 | 15 | 30 | | Spruce | 20 | 35 | 25 | 35 | | Sycamore | 5 | 35 | 10 | 35 | | Walnut | 5 | 35 | 10 | 35 | | Elm Soft | 5 | 40 | 10 | 40 |
CA is cutting angle. B is grinding bevel.
| Kind of wood | Defect-free pieces at cutting angle of-- |
|---|
| 5° | 10° | 15° | 20° | 25° | 30° |
|---|
| Percent | Percent | Percent | Percent | Percent | Percent |
|---|
| Ash | 69 | 70 | 72 | 73 | 79 | 53 | | Basswood | -- | -- | 52 | 65 | 68 | 65 | | Birch | -- | -- | 71 | 63 | 55 | -- | | Chestnut | -- | -- | 81 | 76 | 65 | 34 | | Cottonwood | 40 | 37 | 25 | 27 | 12 | 31 | | Elm, soft | 24 | 24 | 48 | 33 | 19 | 18 | | Blackgum | 42 | 52 | 47 | 53 | 43 | 37 | | Hackberry | 37 | 47 | 75 | 93 | 54 | 20 | | Magnolia | 87 | 78 | 78 | 56 | 62 | 61 | | Mahogany | 77 | 88 | 76 | 77 | 87 | -- | | Hard Maple | -- | -- | 56 | 56 | 51 | 17 | | Soft Maple | 43 | 61 | 57 | 33 | 34 | 18 | | Red Oak | 66 | 96 | 95 | 92 | 87 | 65 | | White Oak | 74 | 98 | 95 | 93 | 74 | 37 | | Pecan | 78 | 82 | 76 | 92 | 95 | 57 | | Sweetgum | 35 | 66 | 54 | 51 | 49 | 44 | | Sycamore | 25 | 39 | 26 | 23 | 18 | 18 | | Black walnut | -- | | 64 | 73 | 50 | -- | | Willow | 32 | 46 | 50 | 59 | 46 | 10 | | Yellowpoplar | 66 | 75 | 75 | 67 | 67 | 48 |
For each cutting angle shown the test pieces were planned under two different conditions: (1) At 36 feet per minute feed and 3,600 r.p.m. and (2) on the opposite side at 54 feet feed and 5,400r.p.m. The moisture content was 6 percent for this entire series of tests.
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