Lauren,
One issue you'll have by asking here is that no two cabinets shops operate the same. Some of the issues that affect this are;
Products produced-euro cabinets are made differently than traditional, custom versus production, etc.
Tools available-CNC versus slider versus panel saw, pocket holes versus construction holes versus dowel construction, etc.
Materials used-MDF versus plywood, undermount versus side mount slides, etc.
Space available and material flow-are the relevant machines next to each other or does material need to be moved?
Machine and tool quality-are some machines being abandoned in favor of others?
Worker skill level-Are all workers fully trained on all machines or specialized?
Make or buy philosophy- are doors or boxes built in house or bought in?
Owner attitude and philosophy-Is more emphasis placed on production, work/life balance, safety, job enrichment, etc.?
Build only or build and install-does the company install what they make? Do they fully mock up each project in house before shipping?
These are just some of the items that led to the creation of the processes where you work and there are many more.
What I would suggest as a starting point is to make a list of all the raw materials that come in the door and make a list of all machinery in the plant. Then look at the final product and and make a list of everything that has changed on the final product compared to how it arrived, those are the steps that were taken. Then associate each of those steps to the machine and person doing those steps. From there, create a flow chart where and when each of those steps occur in the timeline and you've now developed your plant processes. Look for inconsistencies, do the steps change depending on who is doing the work or the type of project...you may end up with some alternative processes that warrant further investigation.
Improving those processes, that's a conversation to had after the current process is complete.
Good luck.